Manas National Park Assam | Manas Tiger National Park | Manas Wild Life Sanctuary | Manas National Park UNESCO| Manas National Park History | Manas National Park UPSC
Manas National Park is another national Park like Kaziranga National Park in the same state of Assam and also on the banks of Brahmaputra River, The Kaziranga National Park Concentrated on the Conservation of Rhinos, But Mansas concentrated on the Conservation of Tigers and it is mostly a Tiger National Park.
Nestled in the lush heartland of Assam, India, the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary stands as a testament to the region’s remarkable biodiversity and the efforts to preserve it. With its sprawling landscapes, diverse ecosystems, and rich wildlife, Manas has earned recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage site and a Biosphere Reserve. This sanctuary is not only a haven for endangered species but also a beacon of conservation success amidst modern-day challenges. Let us delve into the history, biodiversity, conservation efforts, and cultural significance that define the essence of the Manas Wildlife Sanctuary.
History of Manas
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary‘s history dates back centuries, with references to the area found in ancient texts and folklore. However, it wasn’t until 1928 that it gained official recognition as a sanctuary. Covering an area of about 950 square kilometers, the sanctuary is situated on the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas, where the Indian state of Assam meets the kingdom of Bhutan. The sanctuary derives its name from the Manas River, which flows through it, creating a fertile landscape that supports diverse ecosystems.
The region’s cultural significance is closely intertwined with its natural heritage. The indigenous Bodo people have inhabited these lands for generations, fostering a harmonious relationship with nature. The sanctuary is not only a vital biodiversity hotspot but also a reservoir of cultural traditions and beliefs that have evolved in tandem with the natural world.
Manas Geography
Manas Wildlife Sanctuary is renowned for its incredible biodiversity, housing a wide array of species that call its varied ecosystems home. From lush grasslands and dense forests to wetlands and riverine habitats, the sanctuary’s diversity is astounding. It is home to approximately 55 species of mammals, 380 species of birds, and numerous reptiles, amphibians, and insects.
The sanctuary’s crown jewel is undoubtedly the Bengal tiger, which roams its forests alongside other iconic predators like the Indian leopard, clouded leopard, and golden cat. The Asian elephant, Indian rhinoceros, and wild buffalo are other charismatic megafauna that find refuge here. Manas is also a haven for birdwatchers, with its avian residents including the rare Bengal florican, great hornbill, and numerous species of eagles, herons, and waterfowl.
Protection of the Site
The journey of Manas Wildlife Sanctuary has been marked by challenges and triumphs in the realm of conservation. In the late 20th century, the sanctuary faced severe threats due to insurgency and poaching, leading to a decline in wildlife populations. However, concerted efforts by the government, NGOs, and local communities led to significant progress in the restoration of the sanctuary’s ecological balance.
One of the standout success stories is the reintegration of the Indian rhinoceros, which had gone extinct in the region due to poaching and habitat loss. Through the Indian Rhino Vision 2020 program, rhinos were reintroduced to Manas, marking a milestone in species conservation.
Community Participation and Sustainable Development
The partnership between conservation efforts and community involvement is at the heart of Manas Wildlife Sanctuary’s success. The indigenous Bodo people play a crucial role in safeguarding the sanctuary’s ecosystem. Their traditional knowledge and close connection to the land have contributed to a unique conservation model where the community’s well-being is interlinked with the health of the ecosystem.
Local communities are engaged in various eco-tourism initiatives, creating sustainable livelihoods while fostering a sense of ownership and responsibility towards the sanctuary. These initiatives not only generate income for the residents but also raise awareness about the importance of conservation and protection.
UNESCO WHS
In 1985, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in recognition of its exceptional natural beauty and biodiversity. The sanctuary’s inclusion on the list has helped draw global attention to its conservation efforts, further motivating stakeholders to uphold its ecological integrity.
Additionally, the sanctuary was declared a Biosphere Reserve in 1989, underscoring its role as a living laboratory for harmonizing the coexistence of nature and human activity. This status promotes sustainable development practices that benefit both the environment and the local population.
Best Time to Visit
Between The months of October and February is the best time to Visit Mansas Wildlife Sanctuary.
Manas Entry Ticket Cost
For Indians Entry is 20 Rs.
For Forigners it is 250 Rs.
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Travel Route
Barpeta Road (32 km from Manas) is the nearest railhead. Manas is connected to all major cities of Assam by road. November to March is the best time. You can hire a cab from Guwahati and reach the national park, which 176 km away and would take you somewhere around 4 to 5 hours.
Conclusion
The Manas Wildlife Sanctuary stands as a beacon of hope and a testament to the power of conservation. Its historical, cultural, and ecological significance make it a jewel in India’s natural heritage. Through a combination of local engagement, dedicated conservation efforts, and international recognition, Manas continues to thrive as a haven for biodiversity. As we traverse an era of increasing environmental challenges, Manas Wildlife Sanctuary serves as a reminder that with collective determination and cooperation, we can secure a future where nature’s splendor remains intact for generations to come.
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