Pattadakal Group of Monuments | Pattadakal Location Karnataka | Pattadakal Hindu Temples | Pattadakal Jain Temples | Pattadakal History | Pattadakal Architecture | Pattadakal UNESCO| Pattadakal UPSC
Pattadakal is located in Karnataka, Bagalkote District on the west bank of the Malaprabha River. This is a group of Temples belonging to Hindus and Jains in this Place.
The Sculptures are dedicated to Dancing Shiva and another goddess. The Exteriors are designed in a perfect way also all these were constructed between 600AD TO 700 AD. Pattadakal is given UNESCO World Heritage Site Status in 1987.
Pattadakal represents the excessive factor of an eclectic artwork which, withinside the seventh and eighth centuries under the Chalukya dynasty, executed a harmonious combination of architectural bureaucracy from northern and southern India. A stunning collection of 9 Hindu temples, in addition to a Jain sanctuary, may be visible there.
Three very intently placed sites withinside the State of Karnataka offer extraordinary attention to spiritual monuments relationship from the terrific dynasty of the Chalukya (c. 543-757).
There are the 2 successive capital cities – Aihole (historical Aryapura), Badami, and Pattadakal, the ‘City of the Crown Rubies’ (Pattada Kisuvolal). The latter was, moreover, for a short time the 3rd capital metropolis of the Chalukya kingdom; on the time the Pallava occupied Badami (642-55).
While Aihole is historically taken into consideration the ‘laboratory’ of Chalukya architecture, with such monuments because of the Temple of Ladkhan (c. 450) which antedate the dynasty’s political successes throughout the reign of King Pulakeshin I, the metropolis of Pattadakal illustrates the apogee of an eclectic artwork which, withinside the seventh and eighth centuries, executed a harmonious combination of architectural bureaucracy from the north and south of India.
History
Pattadakal in Kannada means ” Place of Coronation”, This Place is used for Celebrating Festivals and Ceremonies during the Period of the Chalukya Dynasty. It was built around the 7th Century. As the texture of the soil is red in color people use to call this ” Valley of Red Soil Coronation”.
In the 10th Century, this came under the hands-on Rashtrakutas, Later in the 11th and 12th Century Re Annexed by Chalukyas.13 the century under Delhi Sultanate. In the 15th century under Vijayanagara Empire.
After the Collapse of Vijayanagara, it was annexed by Adil Shahi Dynasty. In the 17th Century in the hands of the Mughal Empire’s Aurangazeb, Later Tippu Sulthan, and Finally in the 18th Century British Took it when it defeated Tippu Sulthan.
Architecture
The Architecture of Pattadakal Temples is of Dravidian Style and also it is of majorly two types one is North Indian(Rekha-Nagara-Prasada) and another one is South Indian Dravida Vimana Style.
The Stones used for these temples are mostly Red Rock Stones and also Temples Gopuram Represents the Style of Kailasanathar Temple in TamilNadu. The Plastering is done with a unique Mortor mixture which is still not been discovered by ASI.
Statues of Nataraja and Carvings of Goddess Laxmi, Saraswathi, Vishnu, and the Majority of Shiva are found in the Temples.
Mallikarjuna Temple
It changed at the start referred to as the Trailokeswara temple in honor of the Queen Trailokya Mahadevi. Almost like a twin, the Mallikarjuna temple changed into constructed for the equal purpose, on the equal time as Virupaksha temple which stands beside it.
There are only some great variations among those two, one in every one of them being a hemispherical amalaka instead of a four-sided one, and a parapet without sure architectural factors including Kuta (square), sala (oblong), etc
Virupaksha Temple
In-floor plan it resembles the Kailasnatha temple of Kanchipuram, the fort of the Pallavas, however, in stone it’s miles a realization of the completely mature Early Chalukyan structure in all its glory.
Further east, a separate Nandi mandapa is positioned on a plinth. The complete temple is surrounded by prakara (enclosure) partitions which can be furnished with subsidiary shrines on its internal side. Only a handful of those stays out of the authentic 32.
The magnificently constructed Dravida shikhara with a well-preserved sukanasa (‘nose,’ arched projection) at the front is one of the hallmarks of the temple. The superstructure is three-storied and crowned through a four-sided amalaka with a Kalash at its final.
Tourism
Pattakadakal Group of Monuments in Karnataka attracts tourists from worldwide, Almost 1 Million People visited this place in 2019. This Place is UNESCO World Heritage Site and thus has an advantage for Tourists from other parts of the World. The Dance Festival is a Chalukya Dance and is held in the Month of January Festival Times (Pongal).
COVID 19 Restrcitions
As of July 2021, Lock Down is Lifted in some places in India, Also Few places are restricted as per timings, All Monuments / Parks are open up till a certain time. Further updates will be posted, But International Travelers better skip this season for Travel to India.
UNESCO WHS
This place was granted UNESCO World Heritage Site Status in 1987, The reason being most cultural and also maintaining Culture and heritage of Buddism and Jainism in the form of Temples.
Travel Route
Belgaum is the nearest airport, which is 180 km from Pattadakal. The nearest Railway station is Badami which is 23 km away. Also, Bus Routes are directly available to pattadakal. Many Government Tourist Buses are available.
Timings and Ticket Price
Monuments are Maintained by Archeological Survey of India
Timings are between 6 AM TO 6 PM, Open All Days
UPSC POINTS
- Pattadakal is located in Karnataka, Bagalkote District on the west bank of the Malaprabha River.
- Temples belonging to Hindus and Jains in this Place.
- constructed between 600AD TO 700 AD.
- Pattadakal in Kannada means ” Place of Coronation”.
- This Place is used for Celebrating Festivals and Ceremonies during the Period of the Chalukya Dynasty.
- It was built around the 7th Century.
- As the texture of the soil is red in color people use to call this ” Valley of Red Soil Coronation”.
- In the 10th Century, this came under the hands-on Rashtrakutas, Later in the 11th and 12th Century Re Annexed by Chalukyas.
- 13 the century under Delhi Sultanate. In the 15th century under Vijayanagara Empire.
- After the Collapse of Vijayanagara, it was annexed by Adil Shahi Dynasty.
- In the 17th Century in the hands of the Mughal Empire’s Aurangazeb, Later Tippu Sulthan, and Finally in the 18th Century British Took it when it defeated Tippu Sulthan.
- The Architecture of Pattadakal Temples is of Dravidian Style.
- Temples Gopuram Represents the Style of Kailasanathar Temple in TamilNadu.
- This place was granted UNESCO World Heritage Site Status in 1987.